Sewage slope: calculation and norms. Slope of sewerage per 1 meter in a private house
Lay sewer pipes made ofplastic, much easier than to build a water pipe from the same plastic. Old cast-iron pipes have long rusted and began to be hammered, what prompted the idea of replacing them? The first thing to consider is several parameters:
- The slope of the sewage system is 1 meter.
- Number of joints (the fewer joints, the better).
- The number of turns (the less, the better).
- Depth of sewage pit.
Recommendations for laying sewer pipes
In order for the sewer system to function properly, it is necessary to follow such rules:
1) Calculate the distance and outline the future digging under the pipes. The fewer joints and turns, the less chance of leaking.
2) The sockets of the risers must necessarily be directed towards the flow of drains. This is done in order to avoid leaks.
3) Do not shorten or cut shaped parts.
4) Do not use cracked or damaged pipes or accessories to them.
5) Carefully inspect the O-rings for defects.
6) Provide a slope sewer pipe for 1 meter.
Installation rules
Normal operation of the sewage systemIt is impossible without correct fixation of all its elements. Unfortunately, plastic pipes are amenable to such a phenomenon as deformation, in addition, poorly fixed parts under the weight of the earth will sink and change the angle of the stack. The slope of the sewage system by 1 meter in degrees is calculated using an approximate deviation when planting the pipes. Also, special fasteners are built over the pipes in steps of 70 centimeters. The maximum pipe incline is 15%, because a higher degree is not recommended due to frequent clogging.
Measuring the slope of the sewage system by 1 meter is necessary starting from the construction and ending with a drain pit. It is necessary to check the entire length for the presence of the same slope.
Experts recommend making the slope of the sewer pipe 100 per 1 meter in a private house such - 5-7 centimeters from the initial index (the beginning of the pipe) to the final (the end of the sewage system).
Calculations of pipe diameter
The value of the diameter of the sewage pipe dependsfrom the number of units of plumbing connected to the system, as well as from such a value as the slope of the sewage system by 1 meter. Professionals quote formulas according to which a certain diameter is calculated. It depends on such factors as:
- Number of turns.
- Percentage of bias.
- Number of joints.
- Number of plumbing.
Formulas are usually used when laying a sewer system in large enterprises, and in private houses or apartments there is no need.
The slope of the sewage system (per 1 meter) in the apartment should be 4-5 centimeters from the beginning to its end, this will ensure a flow velocity of 0.7 m / s, the pipe diameter should be 80 mm.
Fan ventilation in the sewage system
Fan ventilation is a pipe drawn onroof and connected to the sewage system. It serves to stabilize the air pressure in the system. With sudden changes in pressure, fan ventilation is the best solution.
In multi-storey buildings, the central sewage pipe does not have a slope and is installed strictly vertically, because it receives a large amount of sewage.
When calculating factors such as biassewer pipe 100 per 1 meter and the volume of sewage, are usually guided by the diameter of the pipe. After calculating these values, it is stipulated what exactly to install: a fan system (for large volumes) or a check valve (for small volumes).
Non-return valve works only in onedirection, namely - in the air pass only in one direction. Ideal for small pressures in pipes - when draining the valve opens, and air is drawn into the pipe.
Cleaning of sewage systems
Clean-ups are parts installed in a placeturning the pipe. The same ones stood in Soviet cast-iron systems for cleaning from blockages. This system was introduced in the installation of plastic pipes - easy, convenient and practical. But over time, abandoned it, because many believed that such a device looks unesthetically on the general background.
Also, during the installation of sewerage, inspection hatches (revisions) are installed. The distance between them is 13-16 meters. In multi-storey buildings, such hatches were installed every four floors.
Installation of plastic to the cast iron sewage system
Many do not have the desire to completely change the entire sewage system, so they change only the problem parts. And at this stage they are faced with the joining of plastic pipes to old cast-iron ones.
If you are a resident of a multi-storey building, thenforget to convince all neighbors a couple of hours not to use the sewer to avoid unpleasant moments during installation. To join such pipes, it is necessary to use fittings that have been specially manufactured for this purpose.
Important! When connecting the central cast-iron pipe and the plastic one, which will be connected from the apartment, the angle should not be equal to 90 degrees.
Options for docking:
1) The connection is made by two bends at 45 degrees.
2) Three bends of 30 degrees are used.
3) Four branches are used for 22 degrees.
In any version, the sewerage slope is 1 meter must be calculated individually. If the system is installed in a private house, such wiring will not be necessary, only a larger diameter of the sewage pipe will be chosen.
Errors in installing the sewage system
Many make mistakes during installation, and the system is often clogged or not functioning at all. Most Common Errors:
1) The internal view of the pipe for installing the external sewage system is used.
2) Incorrect drainage slope per 1 meter.
3) Presence of burrs on the pipes after sawing.
Some recommendations from specialists
Advice:
1) Plastic pipes are laid in the ground, which is not affected by additional loads (moving for cars).
2) Installation of pipes is not recommended to be carried out in places of height difference (in such places wells are installed).
3) Sealing gums are carefully selected, since they are produced separately from the sewer pipes and may not fit or sink safely.
4) Use a lubricant (shampoo, detergent, soap) to join the pipes. This will greatly facilitate the work.
5) For the normal operation of the discharge system, an opening clearance is recommended: for a pipe of 50 millimeters, 0.36 centimeters, and for 100 millimeters, 0.47 centimeters.
6) To connect plumbing fixtures with a flexible hose, special sealing cuffs should be used. The diameter of the inlet should correspond to the diameter of the pipe.
That's all the advice and recommendations for laying the sewer system. Calculate the diameter or percentage of bias will not be difficult for you.
