Oxygen technical gaseous: characteristics and grades

At the moment, there are two types of gaseous oxygen - it's medical and technical. Gaseous oxygen in industrial sectors is most often used for gas flame treatment of metals.

Technical oxygen: useful and dangerous

If we talk about a substance like oxygen, thenit has many different properties, and is also used for a variety of procedures. It is important to say that this gas is non-toxic, non-flammable, and also not explosive. In addition, this substance is different in that it has neither taste, nor smell, nor color. The main property of technical gaseous oxygen is oxidation. It is because of this technical characteristic that it is used in the industry as an oxidizer, in order to improve the quality of combustion of other materials. Another very important parameter of this gas is the absence of harmful effects on the environment. However, if this substance reacts with any lubricating, combustible or organic component, it is fully capable of self-ignition or the creation of an explosive mixture. In some cases, after such a reaction, the explosion occurs immediately.

Basic properties and parameters of gaseous matter

Among the technical characteristics of gaseous technical oxygen, the following points can be singled out:

Storage of oxygen in various containers and cylinders is permissible and is not dangerous for the environment or a person, since the gas itself is not toxic or explosive.
The main technical parameter of oxygenis its ability to act as an oxidant, which supports the combustion process. For the same reason, it is important to ensure that the substance does not enter the environment in which ignition is possible.
It is also important to know that all cylinders, cisterns, pipelines and other containers that are used for transporting or storing this gas can not be used to work with any other gases.
Another parameter is the need to purify air or ventilation in rooms where the technical oxygen content of the gas is 23% or more.
Since the gas is easily ignited,in a medium with an increased content of this substance, it is necessary to refrain from getting on clothes or skin of any flammable component for the next 30-60 minutes. It is also forbidden to smoke during this period of time.

Gas production and transportation

The main source of technicalgaseous oxygen is atmospheric air. To extract this substance, a low-temperature rectification process is used. It is also worth noting that if you cool this gas too much (down to -183 degrees Celsius), then it will change its state of aggregation to a liquid with a bluish tinge. The density of the resulting liquid will be higher than the density of water, for example.

Gas is transported in steel cylinders. The pressure in these tanks should be from 14.5 to 15.5 MPa (150 kg / cm2)²). The temperature during transportation should not exceed 20 degrees Celsius, and any vehicle can carry out the delivery. In addition, the delivery can be carried out in special tanks, but for this it is necessary to follow all the rules for the transport of dangerous goods.

Oxygen grades

Currently there are two varietiestechnical gaseous oxygen. The division into varieties is carried out according to certain requirements, and also in accordance with GOST. For the first grade, the volume content of oxygen in the tank should be at least 99.7 per cent. For technical grade 2 oxygen, this indicator is at least 99.5%.

The second requirement is the volume fraction of watervapors. For oxygen of the first grade, the content of this substance should not exceed 0.007%. For oxygen of the second grade, an indicator of not more than 0.009% is allowed. The volume fraction of hydrogen, which is allowed for the first grade is not more than 0.3%. For the second grade, this figure is 0.5%.

The only indicator that is common to both types of oxygen, as well as not standardized - is the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in percent.

Cylinders for oxygen

Technical gaseous oxygen in cylinders inCurrently used in a large number of different industries. It is used to enrich oxygen in water bodies. Also, it is actively used for the manufacture of various explosive substances. In addition, this substance produces ammonia, methane, methyl alcohol for gas flame cutting and welding of metals. Its use of technical oxygen in cylinders found even in the food industry, in which it is used as a propellant.

The implementation of this substance is carried out inballoons with a blue color, as well as an inscription in black without any additional strips. The manufacturer of gaseous technical oxygen is DP Air Gas. Deliveries are also made for the industrial sector, where this gas is most often used for melting and processing of various non-ferrous metals.

GOST of gaseous technical oxygen

The state standard, which regulates all procedures, as well as the requirements for the quality of technical oxygen - 5583-78. This document establishes the rules for gas acceptance.

The first thing that is said in the document is thatreception of this product is carried out only in bulk. A lot is considered to be any quantity of gas that has the same characteristics and is issued under the same quality certificate. However, if transportation is carried out in an autorecipient or in a gasification plant, each of these objects will be considered as the batch. If the transportation is carried out by means of a pipeline, the lot is the amount that is received through the pipe within 8 hours.

Requirements for quality documents

When technical oxygen is delivered in batches, as well as each cylinder with this substance, a quality certificate must be accompanied by the following data:

The name of the manufacturer's enterprise, as well as its trademark.
It is necessary to indicate the name of the product, as well as its grade.
The date of production.
The volume of technical gaseous oxygen in m3.
It is also important to indicate the batch number for technical oxygen and the numeric details of the batch and cylinder for medical oxygen.
It is required to indicate the designation of this standard for the batch.
It is necessary to apply the results of oxygen analyzes or a paper with a confirmation that the product meets all the requirements of this GOST.

Installations for the production of oxygen

In addition to the fact that you can buy ready-madetechnical oxygen from the manufacturer, some companies offer to purchase equipment for the production of this gas. One of these companies is the company Grasis. For the production of a gaseous substance, three types of installations are used: adsorption, cryogenic and membrane. It is these installations that the company is proposing to purchase.

These units enable us to extract the necessaryin various branches of gas in large quantities. In addition, the manufacturer assures that the plants not only have high performance, but are completely safe. In order to obtain the required gas, cryogenic and adsorption plants are most often used. With the help of these aggregates, it is possible to obtain the necessary substance directly in the gaseous form.

Application of oxygen

Apply technical oxygen gascan be used to enrich the blast in the process. Such use of gas increases the heat output of open-hearth furnaces, helps improve combustion processes. It is possible to use this gas to purge the bath. This opens up new opportunities for accelerating the process of oxidation of various impurities. That allows, in turn, to increase the speed of oxidation and bring it closer to the speed of steel processing in converter production.

Technical gaseous oxygen is a powerfulmeans in the hands of designers, which makes it possible to greatly improve the designs of fairly old open-hearth furnaces, as well as to create steel-smelting furnaces of a fundamentally new type. In these furnaces, full mechanization and automation of the labor of furnace and maintenance personnel will be used. Also, the use of this gaseous technical substance makes it possible to carry out the latest technological processes in combining the advantages of the open-hearth and converter production of steel.