Large and small tibia
In all living organisms that have bonetissue, the biological support of the body is the skeleton. In an adult human body, it consists of more than two hundred consecutively connected bones. The human shin skeleton consists of two tubular long bones of different thickness - peroneal and tibial. The tibia is laterally located, that is, in the lateral part of the midline of the tibia. The tibia has a medial position, that is, it occupies an internal position in the shin structure and is connected to the hip bone through the knee joint.
The mechanical axis of the leg through which it is transmittedthe severity of the trunk on the supporting part of the lower limb extends from the central portion of the femoral head to the middle of the ankle joint through the knee joint. The vertical axis of the leg from below is aligned with the vertical axis of the tibia, which accounts for the entire mass of the body, due to which it has a greater thickness than the tibia. When the tibia deviates from the vertical axis of the leg to the inner or lateral side, an angle (defect of the X-shaped and O-shaped legs) forms between the shin and the thigh.
Proximal - located closer to the centerthe end of the tibia consists of two thickening of the bony epiphysis - condyles, having a medial and lateral arrangement. The tibia is a long tubular bone with thickenings at the ends. The upper proximal epiphysis forms the head, which, with the help of a flat, round articular surface, connects with the outer condyle of the tibia. The epiphysis of the tibia, located at the lower leg, passes successively into the medial ankle, which, together with the lower epiphysis of the tibia, joins the joint with the talus bone. The human tibia is connected to the tibia of the interbody between the claws and the syndesmosis, as well as the membrane of the tibia located between the bones.
Due to prolonged static loadsquite often in the shin there are painful sensations. The cause of pain can be mechanical injuries, dislocations, sprains, which require immediate medical attention. Painful sensations in the shin can also arise due to the compression of the root, concentrated in the back of the spine, or the improper intake of medicines.
The tibia usually hurts in the area below the kneefrom the outside of the leg, in the region of the tibia. The pain is localized on an interval of 10-15 centimeters and aggravated during physical activity. In rare cases, the cause of cicatricial pain can be Paget's disease, Raynaud's syndrome, tissue compression, malignant and benign tumors, disc herniation and the use of certain medications. The most common large and small tibia can be sick for the following reasons:
- muscle spasm;
- tearing of ligaments;
- decrease in the concentration of calcium, magnesium, potassium in the blood;
- inflammation of the tendons;
- arteriosclerosis of blood vessels;
- thrombophlebitis;
- arthritis or arthrosis;
- damage to nerve fibers;
- osteomyelitis;
- damage and inflammation of the calcaneal tendon;
- a trapped syndrome;
- periostopathy;
- gastric muscle tears;
- inflammation of the patella;
- lymphovenous insufficiency;
- inflammation and tearing of the patellar ligament.
With any complaints of pain in the region of the lower legshould consult a doctor, because it can be associated with a serious illness that entails severe consequences for the overall health of a person.
