Structure and function of the brain
Anatomy is a science that studies the structure of a person. The human body is a rather complex system, one of the mechanisms of which is the brain. What is the structure and function of the brain, is described in this article.
The brain is the main department and organcentral nervous system. It is located in the cavity of the skull. It is the skull that protects it from mechanical damage. Above, the brain is covered with membranes that contain a huge number of blood vessels. An adult man has a brain weight of about 1100 -1600 grams.
The human brain is divided into three sections or three main parts: the front, middle and back.
The posterior part of the brain includes a cerebellum, an oblong brain and a bridge.
The anterior section contains the brain, which is called the intermediate, and the large hemispheres.
All parts of the brain, including large oneshemisphere, constitute the brain stem. Inside the trunk and two large hemispheres are cavities with a liquid. Conductors in the form of white matter are part of the brain. They unite all parts of this organ and the gray matter that is inside and is the nucleus. They cover the entire surface of both hemispheres, as well as the cerebellum, thereby forming a cortex.
This is what the brain consists of, the structure and functions of which have long been studied. What is the purpose of his departments.
Consider the medulla oblongata, it can be calledcontinuation of the spinal cord. It consists of nuclei that control some functions of the body. Breathing, digestion and the work of the heart depend on them. The nuclei of the medulla oblongata consist of digestive reflexes (swallowing, separation of gastric juice and salivation.) They also contain human protective reflexes (vomiting, sneezing, coughing.) The nuclei have breathing centers, a vasomotor center and a heart center.
The bridge is a follower of the medulla oblongata. It is a conductor that connects the middle and forebrain with the spinal cord and the oblong brain. This is due to the neural bundles located in this part of the brain. The bridge also contains the nuclei of nerves (facial, auditory and trigeminal).
The structure and function of the brain is a very complex and vital area of human anatomy.
Now consider the cerebellum. It is located in the nape of the neck, behind the medulla oblongata and the bridge. His task is coordination of movements, keeping the body in balance and maintaining the pose.
What is the midbrain? It is located between the anterior and posterior brain and unites them. Its functions include the management of the tone that the muscles of a person must have. It also contains the nuclei of auditory and visual reflexes.
Consider further the structure and functions of the brain.
In front of the middle brain is the intermediate brain. Here, pulses from human receptors are delivered. And so he is responsible for sensations. The parts of the intermediate brain organize the harmonious work of the internal organs. In addition, they are responsible for metabolism, blood pressure, homeostasis, breathing and body temperature of a person.
And, finally, the large hemispheres of the brain. This is the largest part, and therefore the structure and functions of the brain will not be complete without the description of this department. Both hemispheres have a surface covered with bark. Their central part contains a white substance and nuclei, which consist of gray matter, or the so-called neurons. The bark has folds, which greatly increases the surface. It is here that the centers responsible for memory, speech, thinking, sight, hearing, taste, movement and sensitivity of the skin and muscles are located. The cortex responds and controls the activity and work of each organ.
We examined the structure and functions of the brain. The table, which is used in theoretical studies, gives more graphic information. But this article will allow you to replenish your knowledge about the structure of the brain and those functions that it performs.
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