Ability of minors

Civil capacity - abilityown actions to carry out, and at the same time and to acquire various civil rights, create certain duties and, of course, carry them out. When do citizens become capable? Then, when there is emancipation or they reach adulthood, that is, eighteen years of age.

The concept of capacity is not to be confused with the conceptlegal capacity. The fact that the legal capacity - it's just an opportunity to have the right, but not to acquire them. A person is capable of a right from birth.

Emancipation means the procedure for declaring a sixteen-year-old fully capable. The reasons for it are different: marriage, work on an employment contract and so on.

The legal capacity of minors who do nothave reached the age of 14 years (they are also called juveniles), is not large. Transactions for them can only be made by parents. All this is due to the fact that persons who have not reached the age specified above, do not yet have a developed psyche and can not really distinguish right actions from wrong ones.

Of course, no one compares a child of three yearswith the one who was already twelve. It is believed that the first stage of growing up begins with six years. Up to this age, the capacity to act is zero, by its attainment the right to make small (only small) household transactions appears. They should not be related to the need for notarization, as well as for obtaining material benefits. They are aimed at meeting everyday standard needs. On the sum they are insignificant.

Young people have the full right to dispose of the funds presented by them. At the same time, control by legal representatives can only be indirect.

Juveniles in fact do not have legal capacity. This means that they are not responsible for their actions. Who is responsible for them? Of course, legitimate representatives.

What happens when you reach the age of 14? From the young they turn into minors. Their ability to do so increases. With the consent of legal representatives, they can make any kind of transaction.

Starting from the age of 14, citizens start freedispose of their own earnings. They can also receive copyrights to any works of art, science, invention, etc. created by them.

Ability of minors in this caseallows them to even become members of cooperatives. In some cases, they may be participants in the employment relationship. It should be noted that minors can engage in certain specific types of labor activity even from the age of six. It's about circus activities, the film industry and so on.

Ability of minors in this caseis called partial. From the age of 14 they are responsible for the harm done. Of course, in most cases, it is reimbursed by legal representatives, but this is not so important, since the juvenile is still recognized as responsible.

Partial capacity of minorsmakes them responsible for their actions, which means that they can be convicted under the Criminal Code article. Let's notice, that for some crimes the criminal liability comes already with fourteen years.

Eighteen years is the same agethe achievement of which a person is recognized as fully capable. Mental maturity does not matter here. Can a person be further limited in capacity? Yes maybe. For example, due to severe mental disorders. Only a court is able to recognize him as incapable.