The legal code of Justinian - the code of Roman civil rights and laws
The Justinian's code was the most important body of Roman civil rights and laws. The collection was compiled in 529-534 AD. During the reign of the Byzantine emperor Justinian the Great.
In February, 528, by the decree of Vasileus Justinian Ia state commission consisting of ten people was created. And already on April 7, 529, the legislative code of Justinian was published. The text of this collection contained all the imperial decrees and decrees from the 1st to the 6th centuries AD. e. The next step of the emperor was the systematization of the so-called ancient law (jus vetus), which was the works of various Roman jurists, as well as their comments on the praetor and civil law.
On December 15, 530, the decree of Vasileus was issuedthe creation of a committee of fifteen people with the famous Greek jurist of that time, Triborian at the head. In addition to this scientist, the committee included two professors from the Academy of Constantinople, two professors from the Berit Academy, and eleven lawyers. The committee was tasked with writing digests - that is, isolating the necessary passages from the works of classical antique lawyers. This was done by mid-December 533.
Parallel to this work, Tribonian, Theophilusand Dorotheos prepared institutions that later became part of the code of Justinian. Institutions were a textbook for law students (he eventually had four volumes). The final part of this grandiose meeting was the finally edited code of laws, published in November 534.
Thus, the code of Emperor Justinianoriginally consisted of three voluminous parts: institutions (of four volumes), digests (consisting of fifty books that included excerpts from almost two thousand works of Roman lawyers), the code itself (twelve books). Later, after the death of Vasilev, to these three main chapters were added so-called Novels. They were written by the Constantinople professor Julian in 556 and represented a collection of decrees and decrees issued by the emperor from 535 to 556 years. This is the fourth part of the code.
The code of Justinian from the middle of the VI century and onthroughout the Middle Ages was the main source of law for most European countries. This is partly true of Russia, as it has had a significant impact on the so-called. Pilot books - a domestic collection of secular and Orthodox laws.
In medieval Europe, the activethe revival and assimilation of Roman law. In the monarchies of the early feudal period, which were formed in the territories of the Western Roman Empire, the ancient Roman legal norms in culture and legislation were sufficiently preserved. Until the very end of the Middle Ages the code of Justinian had a significant influence on the development of feudal relations in the countries of Western Europe. Moreover, it is today the actual foundation for Romano-German law.
