Sodium benzonate: properties, purity test, application

Benzoic acid was first isolated fromof the same name resin, which contains about 80% of the biologically active substance. At the end of the 20th century, this substance was obtained synthetically. Benzoic acid is a part of various herbs, berries and fruits. In large quantities, this substance is contained in the urine of herbivores in the form of bio-compounds with glycine (hippuric acid).

Benzoic acid is synthesized in humanthe body partially from proteins and excreted in the urine in the form of hippuric acid. Benzene carboxylic acid exhibits antiseptic, fungicidal and locally irritating effects. When it gets into the bloodstream, it shows an antipyretic effect. Vapors of this acid irritate the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, so it can partly be secreted by the bronchial mucosa. Sodium salts of benzenecarboxylic acid can be used as an expectorant. Outer - as an antiparasitic agent.

Following the neutralization of benzenecarboxylic acidsodium hydrogen carbonate solution (soda) gives sodium benzonate. Subsequently, the mixture is evaporated to form crystals. The solutions obtained have a slightly alkaline reaction.

Sodium benzonate: properties.

Needle crystals or powder, dissolving in two parts of water, in 45 parts of cold and 13 parts of boiling ethanol, in nine parts of glycerol.

Identification.

Sodium ions are identified by the yellow colorationflame when burning the drug. Benzoate ions are detected by reaction with a solution of ferric chloride. From the preparation, benzoic acid is isolated and the temperature of its melting is checked.

Sodium benzonate: tests for cleanliness.

The indicated preparation is tested for the alkalinity and acidity limit. According to the standards, heavy metals, sulfates, and chlorides can be present.

Sodium benzonate: quantitative determination.

The sample of the preparation must be dissolved in water,then add the ether and a few drops of the mixture of indicators (methyl orange and methylene blue) and shake. The concentration of sodium benzoate in the drug should be at least 99%.

Caffeine-sodium benzonate: use.

This agent is designated asstimulator of the central nervous system. Caffeine regulates the processes of excitation in the cerebral cortex, activates positive reflexes, enhances motor activity. Such pharmacodynamics increases mental and physical activity and reduces drowsiness and fatigue. Maximum doses of caffeine can lead to the depletion of neurocytes. The drug weakens the effect of narcotic and hypnotic drugs, activates reflex spinal excitability, excites the vasomotor and respiratory centers. The use of the drug increases diuresis and cardiac activity.

The mechanism of action of caffeine-sodium benzonate.

Caffeine inhibits the activity of phosphodiesterase. This, in turn, leads to the deposition inside the c-AMP cell (cyclic adenosine monophosphate). c-AMP activates glycogenolysis, enhances metabolic reactions in tissues and organs, including muscles and the central nervous system. The key link in the mechanism of the stimulating effect of the drug is the binding (interaction) of caffeine with purine receptors of the brain. The drug is quickly absorbed in the digestive canal. In the process of biochemical reactions, the preparation is oxidized and demethylated. Isolated from the body by the kidneys.

Food preservatives used for lengtheningshelf life of food. Since E211 (sodium benzoate) is bactericidal against bacteria, fungi and yeast, it is therefore used as a preservative. There is it in non-carbonated and aerated drinks, fruit juices, olives, syrups. In natural products, it is found in cinnamon, apples, cranberries, izume, carnations.