Brickwork

Brick masonry has been for many years nowleader in the building environment and used with this material. Numerous positive properties of bricks with an abundance of all kinds of its laying allowed not only to strengthen and make buildings of both residential and public type more comfortable, but also to increase their fireproof, waterproofing, moisture-proof and heat-insulating features that determine the long use of such buildings. And it also became possible to maximize the life of buildings and buildings made of bricks due to its non-adherence to rotting, insects (this is the brickwork of the walls differs from the use of wood) and resistance to climatic features of different regions.

The masonry process is rather complicated and depends ona number of factors in the field of which it is applied, so brickwork requires the hand of the master. Only a person with education and experience will be able to identify the most optimal version of the dressing system, the selection of the tools and fixtures needed in this case, the methods and the necessary layout of the brickwork. All this in aggregate will affect the quality of the result. Let us consider in more detail the methods and methods of brickwork of walls and other structures.

Instruments.

Brickwork consists of a number of workersoperations, each of which requires the use of a specific instrument. Such devices are allocated a few - trowel, plumb, hammer-pick, construction level, swabbing, scraping and mortar shovel.

With the help of trowel work with a solution -leveling, filling the seams and cleaning excess mortar. The plumb is adapted to check and align the vertical position of the walls, wall openings, pillars and masonry angle. A hammer-pick is used for cutting bricks. The construction level reveals shortcomings in the laying of horizontal and vertical structures. The swab is designed for smoothing the seams and filling them with a solution, as well as for cleaning the ventilation ducts from the excess mass of solution released from the seams. An extension is used to make the seams of convex or concave shapes.

Ways of laying.

There are three main methods of brickwork in construction - stepwise, orderly and mixed.

With the step-by-step method, a calculation is performedtychkovyh versts of the first rows with the outer spoonful versts, starting from the second row and ending with the sixth. This method is used mainly for multi-row dressing, and the maximum height achieved by such a sequence is six rows.

The order method is simple, but it takes a lot of workertime, since it is based on the laying of rows with an alternation of laying of versts and wobbles of the preceding series. Ordinary method of laying is used for a single-row dressing system.

The mixed method, like the stepwise one, is usedwith a multi-row dressing. In this case, the order method is used in the construction of the first seven to ten rows, and then proceed to the masonry in a stepwise fashion.

In the construction of pillars, wells, piers,walls with niches, doors or canals, one of the best ways of erecting them is brickwork. SNiP (rules and norms for the production of material, as well as their application in the work) determines, in this case, a number of stringent conditions, oriented to the maximum quality of the constructed structure - the thickness of the masonry, the permissible deviations during its erection, etc. That is why, if there is a need, it is best to use the services of professional masters who, taking into account the standards of state standards, will take all the trouble in building themselves.