What is a DC generator?

It is difficult to imagine our life withoutelectricity. After all, from him, almost all appliances, without which a modern person would simply cease to exist, are nourished. Every day, we need electricity, both direct and alternating current. We get it from different sources. One of them is a DC generator.

This article will be of interest to everyone. It's so nice to realize that you've learned something else about the structure of this complex world. It will appeal to both amateurs and professional electromechanics. However, one can also be interested in a person who is just beginning to learn the basics of this complex science.

The DC generator has found a wideapplication both in industry and at home. Therefore, these units are very diverse: large and compact, quiet and powerful, diesel and gasoline. In the field of application the generator of a direct current can be household or industrial. In either case, it can be used both to restore power supply, if necessary, and to get it away from the main networks.

In industry, most often this unituse on various ships and other modes of transport. Also, the DC generator is used in the medical industry to provide continuous power supply. And on a domestic scale they are used in cottages or small kiosks. Also very often at home use a welding DC generator. It is necessary for joining different kinds of metal.

How is the DC generator constructed?

This unit consists of a stationary and rotatingparts. The first is inductive, which means that it creates a magnetic field. And the second - induction, also called an anchor. The fixed part of the device includes the main and additional poles and the frame. Fastening them is carried out by means of a bolt.

The main pole is represented by a magnet thatcreates a stream of waves. In itself it includes the core, the excitation winding and the tip. The first part is always cast from steel. The pole coils are connected in series. This contributes to the formation of the excitation winding. When a current flows through it, a magnetic flux is created.

A tip is needed to hold the field winding. That is why the magnetic field is evenly distributed over the poles. It is imperative that the tip has a definite shape.

Each additional pole consists of a core andwindings. These parts are also cast from steel. Usually there are as many as the main poles, and maybe less than twice. They are installed mainly in high-power generators, but in compact ones they usually do not. Their main purpose is to eliminate sparks.

The rotating part includes a core,winding and collector. The first part is a cylinder, which is assembled from sheets of steel. They are isolated from each other by means of lacquer or paper. This is done in order to reduce the loss of eddy currents.

Principle of operation of the generator of a direct current

The main thing is that the device is capable ofreceive electrical energy from the mechanical. The principle of action is better to consider on the simplest aggregate, which is a frame made of a conductor, placed between two poles of a magnet. A negative and positive brush is pressed against the collector. Between them they are closed through an electric bulb by an external circuit.

In order for the DC generator to work, the framemust rotate. In this case, according to the rule of the right hand, there is an induction of electricity in it. This current changes direction on each half of the revolution. This is explained by the fact that each side of the frame crosses the magnetic lines alternately in both directions. And on the external circuit, the current is unidirectional. Here it changes only in size. That is, the collector converts the alternating current into a constant one, which is very important.