Fennel ordinary: growing from seeds
Fennel ordinary, named in common peoplepharmacy dill, is a vegetable culture, in demand for many centuries for its useful properties and taste. In its wild form, this culture grows in Central and Western Asia, Europe, North Africa, Japan, the Caucasus and the Crimea, although Italy is its real homeland.
Common fennel: description
Belonging to the family of celery fennelcharacterized by erect, with a bluish coating, a highly branched stem of round shape, capable of reaching a 2-meter height. The leaves are green, many times pinnate, like the leaves of ordinary dill.
Fennel as a garden crop
Many summer residents do not put enough fennel, requiringgreat trouble with an insignificant harvest. In addition, its neighborhood for other vegetables (tomatoes, cumin, carrots, beans, peppers, spinach, beans) is unfavorable. There is an opinion that the plant depresses the growth of its neighbors. However, when planting a separate bed, timely processing and watering fennel ordinary does not harm a number of growing crops: the roots on someone else's territory, he starts up only with a lack of moisture. By the way, the fragrance of fennel frightens off the aphid.
Properties of fennel
Now fashionable fennel ordinary (the photos are presented in the article) has a lot of properties useful for the human body.
Fennel seeds contain sugar, proteins, fats,essential oil, of which atenol is an integral part, and are used in the preparation of confectionery and bakery products, puddings, soups and wine. Colorless essential oil, obtained by steam distillation and characterized by a strong anise odor, is successfully used in the perfume industry.
Contraindications
Contraindications of this plant includehis individual intolerance. When a feeling of dizziness or nausea is required to abandon its use. It is not recommended to use fennel during pregnancy, lactation period and epileptic seizures. To the disorder of the stomach and the appearance of allergic reactions may result in an overdose of preparations containing fennel in their basis.
Young shoots and leaves are an excellent substitutehabitual dill, and petioles - a special seasoning for preserves. The greens are put in dishes - in limited quantities and only fresh. By the way, the ability to give fresh greens to the very frost is one of the valuable qualities of fennel. Kochanchiki are suitable for use after a light heat treatment: quenching, frying and baking; Also they are added in raw form to salads.
Cultivation
How to cultivate fennel ordinary? Cultivation from seeds does not present especial difficulties. An important point is the selection of quality and fresh seeds, which are represented on the store shelves by 2 types: fennel ordinary gives exclusively greens and seeds, and vegetable (or Italian) - dense snow-white kochanchiki. Germination seeds last for 2-3 years.
Features of sowing
At spring sowing (in the first ten daysApril) the bed before May is required to be kept under a film for the purpose of preserving moisture. After 5-10 days, emerged seedlings are required to be weeded out, leaving a 20-centimeter interval between plants. With the thickening of the planting, the probability of premature stalking and flowering is great, thickened petioles do not reach the desired size, which will negatively affect the quality of the expected harvest. After thinning, fennel must be supplemented with maternal infusion. Fennel seeds unfurl. With too early crops, the plant is prone to archery.
Fennel ordinary, useful properties andcontra-indications of which are appreciated by folk medicine, can be grown by seedling method. Sowing for seedlings is performed in late February - early March. Picking in this case is optional, but desirable (once, when landing in the open ground).
Care of fennel ordinary
In late May - early June, crops are required slightlyabout 3-7 cm high. This procedure, aimed at obtaining fleshy bleached root roots, is recommended to be repeated twice a season. To avoid smearing of white fennel hens, the lower part of the plant in the beginning of summer is recommended to be artificially protected. For this, it is required to cut the rings from a plastic bottle (approximate width - 20 cm) and put them on the plants, slightly deeper into the ground. In the process of growth, fennel must be supplemented twice with infusion of fermented herb or mullein, for the preparation of which cow manure is required to dilute with water in a proportion of 1: 3. For watering, the infusion obtained is recommended to be used in a ratio of 1:10.
Fennel common, cultivation of which is notpresents special difficulties, requires frequent loosening and watering: every 5-6 days (for each square meter - 10-15 liters of water). You can apply mulching soil, aimed at protecting against weeds and preserving moisture. Ripening of fennel fruits occurs in August-September.
Fennel preparation
Procurement of fennel allows you to obtain valuableuseful raw materials and produced throughout the summer. Leaf mass after collection is dried, aired and stored in a hermetically sealed container, preferably glass. Seeds are harvested as they mature, in the brown stage. Then they dry 2-3 days in a well-ventilated dark place, kneaded or threshed. It is required to save seeds in a well closed dish. Harvesting of roots occurs by digging, washing from the ground, drying and cutting. After that they need to be well dried or frozen. Alternatively, the roots of fennel can be stored in the usual way, as well as other roots.
Application in medicine
Fennel ordinary, useful properties of whichknown for a long time, found its application in the medical industry and is used in the treatment of nervous and skin diseases. Decoctions and infusions from this plant are used for preventive purposes in cases of colds. Fennel oil is the basis for the preparation of dill water, endowed with expectorant and laxative properties. Most often this drug is prescribed for bloating in newborn babies, as well as gastrointestinal spasms of a painful nature.
Fennel extract is found in many preparations,aimed at the destruction of fleas and lice in domestic animals. In the fight against such parasites, the plant can also be used in fresh form. To do this, fresh leaves are required to grind and rub into the hair of four-legged pets.
Fennel fruits are used to improvedigestion and stimulation of appetite, with accumulation in the intestine of gases, kidney ailments, inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. To prepare a medicinal solution 2-3 tablespoons of chopped fennel fruit is required to pour a glass of boiling water and take 1-3 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.
In therapeutic baths, the effect of fennel brooms, which in combination with water vapor is relaxing and at the same time health-improving effect on the human body, is effective.
