Priming the floor: how to use, the features of the application, the types and recommendations
Without this material, noFinishing work. Primer is a liquid formulation designed to improve the adhesion of various materials. This adhesion is called adhesive.
Adhesion is the ability of various building materialsmaterials to a strong bond with each other. If we talk about the primer of the floor, this composition improves the adhesion of the screed to the base, strengthens the laying of tiles, etc. The primer also prevents the absorption of moisture in the substrate, as a result, the screed dries more evenly, thereby reducing the risk of cracking.
And that's not all the primer's uses. It strengthens the surface, enhances vapor permeability. Another important purpose of this material is to remove the surface from building dust. Priming the floor is necessary for different surfaces. Which composition is suitable for this or that surface, we will tell in this article.
Is a primer necessary?
Not all people far from buildingworks, it is clear, for which it is necessary to primer the floor, for example, before laying the tiles, creating a filler, etc. It would seem that the finish layer completely hides all the disadvantages of the base, and all the load eventually comes to him.
This is true, but only partly. The thing is that the quality of the finish coat depends on the strength of its adhesion, the quality of adhesion to the substrate. When it is not enough, the screed, the floor, tile glue and other coatings will eventually lag behind and, most likely, deform. To prevent this from happening, a floor primer is required. Let us consider in more detail what other functions this material performs.
Strengthens the structure
For example, if the base of the floor is loose, porous,layered, before the screed, the floor primer is necessary for filling all the existing voids, creating a continuous homogeneous structure. For this, deep penetration primers are produced, which are designed to strengthen the base to a depth of several centimeters.
Relieves of building dust
It's no secret that during the constructiona large amount of dust is formed. Its small particles create an interlayer between the surfaces to be glued, preventing their adhesion. The primer of the floor connects them.
Reduces the permeability of the substrate
In other words, does not allow the substrate to absorb moisture. This, in turn, reduces the consumption of the leveling solution, paint, glue.
Protects against the appearance of fungal mold
This is relevant when creating a qualityfloor covering in rooms with a high level of humidity or for unheated buildings - arbors, summer kitchens, terraces, balconies, etc. Such protective properties are applied to primers by fungicidal and moisture-repellent additives.
All this concerns mainly liquid andglued coatings, as well as when preparing the substrate for painting. In these cases it is important to ensure good adhesion of materials. A natural question may arise: "Do you need a floor primer before laying linoleum, laminate or wooden coatings?"
Under the linoleum and laminate the foundation is grounded in thatIf the coating is to be glued to the surface, so that it completely absorbs the glue. This must be done in the case when linoleum is stoned on a cement screed - to strengthen the surface and prevent its destruction under mechanical influences.
Primer for wood floor (plywood, particle board), toois necessary. It should have antiseptic properties, especially in humid rooms, in which linoleum is often used. Before laying the laminate flooring is not always necessary, but before aligning the base it is necessary. It depends on it, how firmly the leveling mixture will combine with concrete, and as a result - its durability and the quality of the coating.
Types of primers
These materials on the mechanism of impact can bedivided into compositions for surface application and deep penetration. About the latter you already have a general idea - they make a more solid loose surface of the base, strengthen it. Surface primers are designed to give good adhesive properties to the substrate.
Most of these formulations contain very fine sand, giving a roughness to the base: it is necessary for normal adhesion. Consider the classification of primers by composition.
Acrylic
This is the most common, universalpriming - for concrete floors, wooden surfaces. The material is very easy to apply, dries quickly, does not have an unpleasant, pungent odor, dilution with water is permissible. It is used for repair in new buildings. This is a primer for the floor under the tile, gypsum board. The most popular among these compounds are mixtures from the producers Ceresit, "Elf", Olympic.
Alkyd
Primer, designed for the treatment of wood and metal surfaces. There are several varieties of such compounds:
- On zinc phosphate - excellent and, according to experts, the best anti-corrosion primer for coating surfaces before applying alkyd paints.
- On zinc chromate, which has similar properties, but it has an extended range of applications. Excellent primers of this category are produced by Lazur, PolyPharb, Belinka.
Epoxy
It is a primer for screeding floors and processing concrete floors, especially when protection from moisture is required. Compositions can be diluted with solvents, they have high chemical resistance.
Polystyrene
The compositions are used for wood coatings. Primer of this type is toxic, therefore it is necessary to strictly follow the safety instructions and to ventilate the room well.
Shellac Soil
This is a special composition, which is designed for impregnating the floor, made of fresh softwood. It does not allow resins to surface.
Multigrants
Reliable compounds that are produced by smallseries - Evro Primer Multi, Forbo 044, Uzin Pe 260. Primer for the floor, screeds of cast asphalt, stone and ceramics, mineral slabs impregnated with bitumen, etc.
Features of choice
From all of the above it becomes clear thatThe primer should be selected in accordance with the characteristics of the material to which it will be applied. But in this case, it is necessary to take into account some factors - the operating conditions and the surface condition.
Primers for concrete floor
Monolithic concrete poorly absorbs water. This is evidenced by a brilliant film on its surface. On it it is impossible to lay some kind of solution. For this reason, it must be sanded or (preferably) covered with a primer designed for slightly absorbent surfaces. As a rule, they have a milky color.
Sometimes the finishers for a safety net replace itcomposition "Concrete contact". It is different in pink. This is a very popular primer. Under the floor, it can also be successfully used, because it forms a waterproof film that provides waterproofing of the base, which is very important in creating liquid floors, which are very liquid.
Primer for polymer screeds
For epoxy self-leveling floors usepolyurethane or epoxy primers. When buying, be guided by the recommendations of the manufacturers of the floors. When purchasing a filler, read the manufacturer's recommendations for a floor screed primer. This is especially important for polymeric floors.
For cement-sand bases
Such bases, as well as screeds based on cementprimed with deep penetration formulations. They are almost colorless and slightly cloudy. Inflexible bases and old screeds are covered with such materials.
Compositions for tiles
Do you need a floor primer before laying on it?tiles? Specialists answer this question in the affirmative. The alkyd primer in this case is a universal composition. It is used for application on concrete, wooden and other bases. In this case, one of two types of compositions can be used:
- Perchlorovinyl - when dried, creates a film that has moisture-repellent properties. The composition prevents the appearance of mold, reproduction of the fungus inside the concrete.
- Glyftalovaya - primer for general use, has excellent anti-corrosion properties. Good adhesion and significantly increases the strength of the base.
Rules of application
Usually, with the application of a primer for the floor, no difficulties arise. Handle horizontal surfaces much easier. But before you start working, you need to prepare them:
- dry well;
- clear of dirt and debris;
- if there is such a need, polish;
- degrease oily stains (if any) with a solvent;
- in conclusion to vacuum.
Having carried out such preparatory work, immediatelyproceed to the primer before the finish of the floor with the selected material. Usually this is done in two or three stages. Their amount depends on the degree of absorption of the base. When coating the first layer, the primer is bred to fill the microcracks and pores.
The second and third layers are applied only aftercomplete drying of the previous one. Usually on the packaging the manufacturer indicates the drying time. It can not be reduced, even if, in your opinion, the surface is completely dry. However, do not overstretch the breaks between the application of the layers, so that the dust does not settle on the surface. Apply a primer to the floor more conveniently with a roller on a long handle or a flat brush.
Primer floors: prices
Perhaps you will cope with this work andindependently, but if you seek help from professionals, they will evaluate their services as follows. In Moscow, the price range for this service is from 15 to 500 rubles per square meter, depending on the condition of the base of the floor and the composition used. The average price is within 65 rubles per square meter.
Let's sum up the results
Whichever you choose, flooring foryour home, you, of course, want it to please you with beauty and strength for many years. Such a result can be achieved only with a responsible attitude to the preparatory work, in particular to the choice of composition and priming of the substrate.
